Bio-waste: A Unique and Valuable Resource with Significant Recovery, Prevention and Management Challenges
Résumé
As part of the move towards a circular economy and the transition to a more sustainable society, it is necessary to reduce the quantity of municipal solid waste and improve the overall management of its organic fraction, i.e. bio-waste. Proper management of this bio-waste is essential to avoid numerous nuisances, limit its environmental impact and promote its agronomic recovery, while contributing to the production of renewable energy. Arguing that bio-waste is not biomass waste like any other, the authors, drawing on their own experience of the subject as well as on the results of the literature, highlight the challenges associated with optimising the management of bio-waste and food waste in particular: reducing its production, sorting it at source, collecting it efficiently, treating it and recovering it. The paper explains how the specific characteristics and multiple territorial contexts of bio-waste management need to be taken into greater account in order to improve the performance of each stage of the management system. Beyond the challenges associated with improving the technical stages of bio-waste management, the paper highlights the need for a systemic approach to the design of bio-waste management systems. The multiple factors influencing system design as well as modelling tools and the need for co-construction with all stakeholders to support the design of the management system are discussed. Throughout the discussion, recommendations are made on the issues that research should address to help improve the management and recovery of bio-waste.
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