Article Dans Une Revue Planetary and Space Science Année : 2020

Joint Europa Mission (JEM) a multi-scale study of Europa to characterize its habitability and search for extant life

1 IRAP - Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie
2 CAB - Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid]
3 MSSL - Mullard Space Science Laboratory
4 ETH Zürich - Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich]
5 Astronomical Institute [Bern]
6 ISAE-SUPAERO - Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace
7 JIVE ERIC - Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe
8 TU Delft - Delft University of Technology
9 CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science
10 IGPP - Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics [Los Angeles]
11 GET - Géosciences Environnement Toulouse
12 KTH - KTH Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm]
13 Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux]
14 University of Leicester
15 LPG - Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112]
16 Wheaton College [Norton]
17 CSEO - Cyprus Space Exploration Organisation
18 GSFC - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
19 LPP - Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas
20 IUT Paul Sabatier - Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Paul Sabatier
21 MPS - Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
22 UNIROMA - Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" = Sapienza University [Rome]
23 UNIBE - Universität Bern = University of Bern = Université de Berne
24 LASP - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder]
25 IAA - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
26 IMCCE - Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides
27 HELIOS - LATMOS
28 LPC2E - Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace
29 IAPS - Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF
30 APL - Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD]
31 RMS - Réseaux, Mobilité et Services
32 INFRES - Département Informatique et Réseaux
33 ULISBOA - Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon = Université de Lisbonne
34 CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse]
35 Imperial College London
36 Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne
37 SKA - Square Kilometre Array Organisation
38 DLR - Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt
39 Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest]
40 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
41 ROB - Royal Observatory of Belgium = Observatoire Royal de Belgique
42 IWF - Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences
43 CBM - Centre de biophysique moléculaire
François Leblanc
Adam Masters
Frances Westall

Résumé

Europa is the closest and probably the most promising target to search for extant life in the Solar System, based on complementary evidence that it may fulfil the key criteria for habitability: the Galileo discovery of a sub-surface ocean; the many indications that the ice shell is active and may be partly permeable to transfer of chemical species, biomolecules and elementary forms of life; the identification of candidate thermal and chemical energy sources necessary to drive a metabolic activity near the ocean floor.In this article we are proposing that ESA collaborates with NASA to design and fly jointly an ambitious and exciting planetary mission, which we call the Joint Europa Mission (JEM), to reach two objectives: perform a full characterization of Europa's habitability with the capabilities of a Europa orbiter, and search for bio-signatures in the environment of Europa (surface, subsurface and exosphere) by the combination of an orbiter and a lander. JEM can build on the advanced understanding of this system which the missions preceding JEM will provide: Juno, JUICE and Europa Clipper, and on the Europa lander concept currently designed by NASA (Maize, report to OPAG, 2019).
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Dates et versions

insu-02883533 , version 1 (30-06-2020)

Identifiants

Citer

Michel Blanc, Nicolas André, Olga Prieto-Ballesteros, Javier Gómez-Elvira, Geraint D. Jones, et al.. Joint Europa Mission (JEM) a multi-scale study of Europa to characterize its habitability and search for extant life. Planetary and Space Science, 2020, 193, pp.104960. ⟨10.1016/j.pss.2020.104960⟩. ⟨insu-02883533⟩
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