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            <funder>This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 689443 via project iCUPE (Integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments) and through ACTRIS2 (654109). Additional financial support was received through the Academy of Finland (Center of Excellence in Atmospheric Sciences) under the projects PROFI-3 (decision number 311932), NANOBIOMASS (decision number 307537), and SA-MOSAiC (decision number 333397), as well as the Belmont Forum project “Community Resilience to Boreal Environmental change: Assessing Risks from fire and disease” (ACRoBEAR; decision number 334792). Olga Popovicheva received partial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) under project no. 18-05-60084. Ground-based lidar observations in Siberia were supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Education of the Russian Federation (agreement no. 14.616.21.0104; unique identifier RFMEFI61618X0104). The French groups received support from the French Arctic Initiative project “Pollution in the Arctic System” (PARCS). Part of this study was supported by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency and the Danish Energy Agency by means of DANCEA funds for Environmental Support to the Arctic Region. Part of this study was funded by the German Science Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) as project numbers LA 2907/5-3, BA 1988/14-3, and WI 1449/22-3. Julia Schmale holds the Ingvar Kamprad Chair, sponsored by Ferring Pharmaceuticals.</funder>
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              <p>The role of polar regions is increasing in terms of megatrends such as globalization, new transport routes, demography, and the use of natural resources with consequent effects on regional and transported pollutant concentrations. We set up the ERA-PLANET Strand 4 project “iCUPE – integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments” to provide novel insights and observational data on global grand challenges with an Arctic focus. We utilize an integrated approach combining in situ observations, satellite remote sensing Earth observations (EOs), and multi-scale modeling to synthesize data from comprehensive long-term measurements, intensive campaigns, and satellites to deliver data products, metrics, and indicators to stakeholders concerning the environmental status, availability, and extraction of natural resources in the polar areas. The iCUPE work consists of thematic state-of-the-art research and the provision of novel data in atmospheric pollution, local sources and transboundary transport, the characterization of arctic surfaces and their changes, an assessment of the concentrations and impacts of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants and their cycling, the quantification of emissions from natural resource extraction, and the validation and optimization of satellite Earth observation (EO) data streams. In this paper we introduce the iCUPE project and summarize initial results arising out of the integration of comprehensive in situ observations, satellite remote sensing, and multi-scale modeling in the Arctic context.</p>
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