Global Climate [in “State of the Climate in 2019"]
Robert J. H. Dunn
(1)
,
Diane M. Stanitski
(2)
,
Nadine Gobron
(3)
,
Kate M. Willett
(1)
,
M. Ades
(4)
,
R. Adler
(5)
,
R. P. Allan
(6)
,
J. Anderson
(7)
,
Anthony Argüez
(8)
,
C. Arosio
(9)
,
J. A. Augustine
(2)
,
C. Azorin-Molina
(10)
,
J. Barichivich
(11)
,
J. Barnes
(2)
,
H. E. Beck
(12)
,
Andreas Becker
(13)
,
Nicolas Bellouin
(14)
,
Angela Benedetti
(4)
,
David I. Berry
(15)
,
Stephen Blenkinsop
(16)
,
Olivier Bock
(17, 18)
,
Michael G. Bosilovich
(19)
,
Olivier Boucher
(20)
,
S. A. Buehler
(21)
,
Laura Carrea
(14)
,
Hanne H. Christiansen
(22)
,
F. Chouza
(23)
,
John R. Christy
(24)
,
E.-S. Chung
(25)
,
Melanie Coldewey-Egbers
(26)
,
Gil P. Compo
(27, 2)
,
Owen R. Cooper
(27, 2)
,
Curt Covey
(28)
,
A. Crotwell
(27, 2)
,
Sean M. Davis
(2, 27)
,
Elvira De Eyto
(29)
,
Richard A. M. de Jeu
(30)
,
Curtis L. Degasperi
(31)
,
Doug Degenstein
(32)
,
Larry Di Girolamo
(33)
,
Martin T. Dokulil
(34)
,
Markus G. Donat
(35)
,
Wouter A. Dorigo
(36)
,
Imke Durre
(8)
,
Geoff S. Dutton
(2, 27)
,
G. Duveiller
(3)
,
James W. Elkins
(2)
,
Vitali E. Fioletov
(37)
,
Johannes Flemming
(4)
,
Michael J. Foster
(38)
,
Richard A. Frey
(38)
,
Stacey M. Frith
(39)
,
Lucien Froidevaux
(23)
,
J. Garforth
(40)
,
S. K. Gupta
(41)
,
Leopold Haimberger
(42)
,
Brad D. Hall
(2)
,
Ian Harris
(43)
,
Andrew K. Heidinger
(8)
,
D. L. Hemming
(1)
,
Shu-Peng (ben) Ho
(8)
,
Daan Hubert
(44)
,
Dale F. Hurst
(45, 27)
,
I. Hüser
(13)
,
Antje Inness
(4)
,
K. Isaksen
(46)
,
Viju John
(47)
,
Philip D. Jones
(43)
,
J. W. Kaiser
(13)
,
S. Kelly
(48)
,
Sergey Khaykin
(49)
,
R. Kidd
(50)
,
Hyungiun Kim
(51)
,
Z. Kipling
(4)
,
B. M. Kraemer
(52)
,
D. P. Kratz
(53)
,
R. S. La Fuente
(48)
,
Xin Lan
(27, 2)
,
Kathleen O. Lantz
(2, 27)
,
Thierry Leblanc
(23)
,
Bailing Li
(54, 55)
,
Norman G. Loeb
(53)
,
Craig S. Long
(56)
,
Diego Loyola
(57)
,
Wlodzimierz Marszelewski
(58)
,
B. Martens
(59)
,
Linda May
(60)
,
Michael Mayer
(42, 4)
,
M. F. Mccabe
(61)
,
Tim R. Mcvicar
(62)
,
Carl A. Mears
(63)
,
W. Paul Menzel
(64)
,
Christopher J. Merchant
(14, 65)
,
Ben R. Miller
(27, 2)
,
Diego G. Miralles
(59)
,
Stephen A. Montzka
(2)
,
Colin Morice
(1)
,
Jens Mühle
(66)
,
R. Myneni
(67)
,
Julien P. Nicolas
(4)
,
Jeannette Noetzli
(68)
,
Tim J. Osborn
(43)
,
T. Park
(69)
,
A. Pasik
(36)
,
Andrew M. Paterson
(70)
,
Mauri S. Pelto
(71)
,
S. Perkins-Kirkpatrick
(72)
,
G. Petron
(2, 27)
,
C. Phillips
(73)
,
Bernard Pinty
(3)
,
S. Po-Chedley
(28)
,
L. Polvani
(74)
,
W. Preimesberger
(36)
,
M. Pulkkanen
(75)
,
W. J. Randel
(76)
,
Samuel Remy
(77)
,
L. Ricciardulli
(63)
,
A. D. Richardson
(78, 79)
,
L. Rieger
(80)
,
David A. Robinson
(81)
,
Matthew Rodell
(54)
,
Karen H. Rosenlof
(45)
,
Chris Roth
(80)
,
A. Rozanov
(9)
,
James A. Rusak
(70)
,
O. Rusanovskaya
(82)
,
T. Rutishäuser
(83)
,
Ahira Sánchez-Lugo
(8)
,
P. Sawaengphokhai
(41)
,
T. Scanlon
(36)
,
Verena Schenzinger
(42)
,
S. Geoffey Schladow
(84)
,
R. W Schlegel
(85)
,
Martin Schmid
(86)
,
H. B. Selkirk
(87)
,
S. Sharma
(88)
,
Lei Shi
(8)
,
S. V. Shimaraeva
(82)
,
E. A. Silow
(82)
,
Adrian J. Simmons
(4)
,
C. A. Smith
(27, 2)
,
Sharon L Smith
(89)
,
B. J. Soden
(90)
,
Viktoria Sofieva
(75)
,
T. H. Sparks
(91)
,
Paul W. Stackhouse, Jr.
(53)
,
Wolfgang Steinbrecht
(92)
,
Dimitri A. Streletskiy
(93)
,
G. Taha
(94)
,
Hagen Telg
(27, 2)
,
S. J. Thackeray
(95)
,
M. A. Timofeyev
(82)
,
Kleareti Tourpali
(96)
,
Mari R. Tye
(97)
,
Ronald J. van Der A
(98)
,
Robin van Der Schalie
(30)
,
Gerard van Der Schrier
(98)
,
Guido R. van Der Werf
(99)
,
Piet Verburg
(100)
,
Jean-Paul Vernier
(53)
,
Holger Vömel
(101)
,
Russell S. Vose
(8)
,
Ray Wang
(102)
,
Shohei G. Watanabe
(84)
,
Mark Weber
(9)
,
Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer
,
David N. Wiese
(23)
,
Anne C. Wilber
,
Jeanette D. Wild
,
Takmeng Wong
,
R. Iestyn Woolway
,
Xungang Yin
,
Lin Zhao
(103)
,
Guanguo Zhao
,
Xinjia Zhou
,
Jerry R. Ziemke
,
Markus Ziese
1
MOHC -
Met Office Hadley Centre
2 ESRL - NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory
3 JRC - European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra]
4 ECMWF - European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
5 University of Maryland [College Park]
6 UOR - University of Reading
7 APS - Department of Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [Hampton]
8 NESDIS - NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service
9 Universität Bremen [Deutschland] = University of Bremen [Germany] = Université de Brême [Allemagne]
10 CIDE - Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificacion
11 PUCV - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
12 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering [Princeton]
13 DWD - Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach]
14 Department of Meteorology [Reading]
15 NOC - National Oceanography Centre [Southampton]
16 Newcastle University [Newcastle]
17 IPGP (UMR_7154) - Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
18 ENSG - École nationale des sciences géographiques
19 GMAO - Global Modeling and Assimilation Office
20 SU - Sorbonne Université
21 UHH - Universität Hamburg
22 UNIS - The University Centre in Svalbard
23 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
24 UAH - University of Alabama in Huntsville
25 IBS Center for Climate Physics
26 DLR - Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling]
27 CIRES - Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
28 LLNL - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
29 Marine Institute [Ireland]
30 VanderSat B.V.
31 King County Water and Land Resources Division
32 ISAS - Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon]
33 UIUC - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana]
34 Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck
35 BSC-CNS - Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion
36 Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation [Wien]
37 ECCC - Environment and Climate Change Canada
38 CIMSS - Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies
39 SSAI - Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham]
40 Woodland Trust
41 SSAI - Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Hampton]
42 Department of Meteorology and Geophysics [Vienna]
43 School of Environmental Sciences [Norwich]
44 BIRA-IASB - Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique
45 GML - ESRL Global Monitoring Laboratory [Boulder]
46 MET - Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo]
47 EUMETSAT - European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites
48 DkIT - Dundalk Institute of Technology
49 TROPO - LATMOS
50 EODC - Earth Observation Data Centre GmbH
51 IIS - Institute of Industrial Science [Tokyo]
52 IGB - Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei
53 LaRC - NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton]
54 GSFC Hydrological Sciences Laboratory
55 ESSIC - Earth Science System Interdisciplinary Center [College Park]
56 NWS - NOAA National Weather Service
57 IMF - DLR Institut für Methodik der Fernerkundung / DLR Remote Sensing Technology Institute
58 Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management
59 H-CEL - Hydro-Climate Extremes Laboratory
60 CEH - Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Edinburgh]
61 KAUST - King Abdullah University of Science and Technology [Saudi Arabia]
62 CSIRO Land and Water
63 RSS - Remote Sensing Systems [Santa Rosa]
64 SSEC - Space Science and Engineering Center [Madison]
65 NCEO - NERC National Centre for Earth Observation
66 SIO - UC San Diego - Scripps Institution of Oceanography
67 EEOS - Department of Environmental, Earth and Ocean Sciences [Boston]
68 Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL
69 ARC - NASA Ames Research Center
70 Dorset Environmental Science Centre
71 Nichols College Dudley
72 UNSW - University of New South Wales [Sydney]
73 Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Madison]
74 Columbia University [New York]
75 FMI - Finnish Meteorological Institute
76 NCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder]
77 IPSL (FR_636) - Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace
78 SICCS - School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems
79 ECOSS - Center for Ecosystem Science and Society
80 U of S - University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon, Canada]
81 Department of Geography [Piscataway]
82 ISU - Irkutsk State University
83 Institute of Geography [Bern]
84 UC Davis Tahoe Environmental Research Center
85 Department of Physical Oceanography [Woods Hole]
86 EAWAG - Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf]
87 GSFC - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
88 York University [Toronto]
89 GSC Central & Northern Canada - Geological Survey of Canada [Ottawa]
90 RSMAS - Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science
91 PULS - Poznan University of Life Sciences (Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu)
92 MOHp - Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg
93 Department of Geography [Washington]
94 GESTAR - Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology and Research
95 CEH - Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Lancaster]
96 Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics [Thessaloniki]
97 C3WE - Capacity Center for Climate and Weather Extremes
98 KNMI - Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute
99 VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam]
100 NIWA - National Institute of Water and Atmosphere [Hamilton]
101 EOL - Earth Observing Laboratory [Boulder]
102 School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta]
103 NUIST - Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
2 ESRL - NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory
3 JRC - European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra]
4 ECMWF - European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
5 University of Maryland [College Park]
6 UOR - University of Reading
7 APS - Department of Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [Hampton]
8 NESDIS - NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service
9 Universität Bremen [Deutschland] = University of Bremen [Germany] = Université de Brême [Allemagne]
10 CIDE - Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificacion
11 PUCV - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
12 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering [Princeton]
13 DWD - Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach]
14 Department of Meteorology [Reading]
15 NOC - National Oceanography Centre [Southampton]
16 Newcastle University [Newcastle]
17 IPGP (UMR_7154) - Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
18 ENSG - École nationale des sciences géographiques
19 GMAO - Global Modeling and Assimilation Office
20 SU - Sorbonne Université
21 UHH - Universität Hamburg
22 UNIS - The University Centre in Svalbard
23 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
24 UAH - University of Alabama in Huntsville
25 IBS Center for Climate Physics
26 DLR - Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling]
27 CIRES - Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
28 LLNL - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
29 Marine Institute [Ireland]
30 VanderSat B.V.
31 King County Water and Land Resources Division
32 ISAS - Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon]
33 UIUC - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana]
34 Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck
35 BSC-CNS - Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion
36 Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation [Wien]
37 ECCC - Environment and Climate Change Canada
38 CIMSS - Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies
39 SSAI - Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham]
40 Woodland Trust
41 SSAI - Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Hampton]
42 Department of Meteorology and Geophysics [Vienna]
43 School of Environmental Sciences [Norwich]
44 BIRA-IASB - Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique
45 GML - ESRL Global Monitoring Laboratory [Boulder]
46 MET - Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo]
47 EUMETSAT - European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites
48 DkIT - Dundalk Institute of Technology
49 TROPO - LATMOS
50 EODC - Earth Observation Data Centre GmbH
51 IIS - Institute of Industrial Science [Tokyo]
52 IGB - Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei
53 LaRC - NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton]
54 GSFC Hydrological Sciences Laboratory
55 ESSIC - Earth Science System Interdisciplinary Center [College Park]
56 NWS - NOAA National Weather Service
57 IMF - DLR Institut für Methodik der Fernerkundung / DLR Remote Sensing Technology Institute
58 Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management
59 H-CEL - Hydro-Climate Extremes Laboratory
60 CEH - Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Edinburgh]
61 KAUST - King Abdullah University of Science and Technology [Saudi Arabia]
62 CSIRO Land and Water
63 RSS - Remote Sensing Systems [Santa Rosa]
64 SSEC - Space Science and Engineering Center [Madison]
65 NCEO - NERC National Centre for Earth Observation
66 SIO - UC San Diego - Scripps Institution of Oceanography
67 EEOS - Department of Environmental, Earth and Ocean Sciences [Boston]
68 Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL
69 ARC - NASA Ames Research Center
70 Dorset Environmental Science Centre
71 Nichols College Dudley
72 UNSW - University of New South Wales [Sydney]
73 Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Madison]
74 Columbia University [New York]
75 FMI - Finnish Meteorological Institute
76 NCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder]
77 IPSL (FR_636) - Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace
78 SICCS - School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems
79 ECOSS - Center for Ecosystem Science and Society
80 U of S - University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon, Canada]
81 Department of Geography [Piscataway]
82 ISU - Irkutsk State University
83 Institute of Geography [Bern]
84 UC Davis Tahoe Environmental Research Center
85 Department of Physical Oceanography [Woods Hole]
86 EAWAG - Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf]
87 GSFC - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
88 York University [Toronto]
89 GSC Central & Northern Canada - Geological Survey of Canada [Ottawa]
90 RSMAS - Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science
91 PULS - Poznan University of Life Sciences (Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu)
92 MOHp - Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg
93 Department of Geography [Washington]
94 GESTAR - Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology and Research
95 CEH - Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Lancaster]
96 Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics [Thessaloniki]
97 C3WE - Capacity Center for Climate and Weather Extremes
98 KNMI - Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute
99 VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam]
100 NIWA - National Institute of Water and Atmosphere [Hamilton]
101 EOL - Earth Observing Laboratory [Boulder]
102 School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta]
103 NUIST - Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
J. Barichivich
- Fonction : Auteur
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- IdHAL : jonathan-barichivich
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8223-2491
Nicolas Bellouin
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 756452
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2109-9559
- IdRef : 07618174X
Olivier Boucher
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 756451
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2328-5769
- IdRef : 071071474
Sean M. Davis
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1043189
Daan Hubert
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 930105
Sergey Khaykin
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 765624
- IdHAL : sehamic
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5466-1096
Diego Loyola
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 768973
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8547-9350
Piet Verburg
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 800149
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7574-9161
Mark Weber
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 766274
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8217-5450
Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer
- Fonction : Auteur
Anne C. Wilber
- Fonction : Auteur
Jeanette D. Wild
- Fonction : Auteur
Takmeng Wong
- Fonction : Auteur
R. Iestyn Woolway
- Fonction : Auteur
Xungang Yin
- Fonction : Auteur
Guanguo Zhao
- Fonction : Auteur
Xinjia Zhou
- Fonction : Auteur
Jerry R. Ziemke
- Fonction : Auteur
Markus Ziese
- Fonction : Auteur
Résumé
Global Climate is one chapter from the State of the Climate in 2019 annual report and is avail- able from https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0104.1 Compiled by NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, State of the Climate in 2019 is based on contributions from scien- tists from around the world. It provides a detailed update on global climate indicators, notable weather events, and other data collected by environmental monitoring stations and instru- ments located on land, water, ice, and in space.
The full report is available from https://doi.org/10.1175/2020BAMSStateoftheClimate.1.
Domaines
ClimatologieOrigine | Fichiers éditeurs autorisés sur une archive ouverte |
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