Debris Disk Results from the Gemini Planet Imager Exoplanet Survey's Polarimetric Imaging Campaign
Thomas M Esposito
(1)
,
Paul Kalas
(1, 2)
,
Michael P. Fitzgerald
(3)
,
Maxwell Millar-Blanchaer
(4)
,
Gaspard Duchêne
(1, 5)
,
Jennifer Patience
(6)
,
Justin Hom
(6)
,
Marshall D. Perrin
(7)
,
Robert J. de Rosa
(8)
,
Eugene Chiang
(1)
,
Ian Czekala
(1)
,
Bruce Macintosh
(8)
,
James R. Graham
(1)
,
Megan Ansdell
(1)
,
Pauline Arriaga
(3)
,
Sebastian Bruzzone
(9)
,
Joanna Bulger
(10)
,
Christine H. Chen
(7)
,
Tara Cotten
(11)
,
Ruobing Dong
(12)
,
Zachary H. Draper
(12, 13)
,
Katherine B. Follette
(14)
,
Li-Wei Hung
(3)
,
Ronald Lopez
(3)
,
Brenda C. Matthews
(13, 12)
,
Johan Mazoyer
(4, 15)
,
Stan Metchev
(9, 16)
,
Julien Rameau
(17)
,
Bin Ren
(18, 7)
,
Malena Rice
(19)
,
Inseok Song
(11)
,
Kevin Stahl
(3)
,
Jason Wang
(20, 1)
,
Schuyler Wolff
(21)
,
Ben Zuckerman
(3)
,
S. Mark Ammons
(22)
,
Vanessa P. Bailey
(4)
,
Travis Barman
(23)
,
Jeffrey Chilcote
(8, 24)
,
Rene Doyon
(17)
,
Benjamin L. Gerard
(12, 13)
,
Stephen J. Goodsell
(25)
,
Alexandra Z. Greenbaum
(26)
,
Pascale Hibon
(25)
,
Sasha Hinkley
(27)
,
Patrick Ingraham
(28)
,
Quinn Konopacky
(29)
,
Jérôme Maire
(29)
,
Franck Marchis
(2)
,
Mark S. Marley
(30)
,
Christian Marois
(13, 12)
,
Eric L. Nielsen
(2, 8)
,
Rebecca Oppenheimer
(31)
,
David Palmer
(22)
,
Lisa Poyneer
(22)
,
Laurent Pueyo
(7)
,
Abhijith Rajan
(7)
,
Fredrik T. Rantakyrö
(25)
,
Jean-Baptiste Ruffio
(8)
,
Dmitry Savransky
(32)
,
Adam C. Schneider
(6)
,
Anand Sivaramakrishnan
(7)
,
Rémi Soummer
(7)
,
Sandrine Thomas
(28)
,
Kimberly Ward-Duong
(14)
1
Department of Astronomy [Berkeley]
2 SETI - Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute
3 UCLA - University of California [Los Angeles]
4 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
5 IPAG - Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble
6 SESE - School of Earth and Space Exploration [Tempe]
7 STSci - Space Telescope Science Institute
8 KIPAC - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
9 CPSX - Centre for Planetary Science and Exploration [London, ON]
10 UH - University of Hawai'i [Honolulu]
11 University of Georgia [USA]
12 UVIC - University of Victoria [Canada]
13 NRC - National Research Council of Canada
14 Amherst College
15 LESIA - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics
16 SBU - Stony Brook University [SUNY]
17 iREx - Institut Trottier de Recherche sur les Exoplanètes
18 JHU - Johns Hopkins University
19 Yale University [New Haven]
20 CALTECH - California Institute of Technology
21 Leiden Observatory [Leiden]
22 LLNL - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
23 LPL - Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson]
24 UND - University of Notre Dame [Indiana]
25 Gemini Observatory [Southern Operations Center]
26 University of Michigan [Ann Arbor]
27 University of Exeter
28 LSST - Large Synoptic Survey Telescope
29 CASS - Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences [La Jolla]
30 Space Science and Astrobiology Division at Ames
31 AMNH - American Museum of Natural History [New York, USA] = Musée américain d'histoire naturelle [New York, USA]
32 MAE - Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
2 SETI - Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute
3 UCLA - University of California [Los Angeles]
4 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
5 IPAG - Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble
6 SESE - School of Earth and Space Exploration [Tempe]
7 STSci - Space Telescope Science Institute
8 KIPAC - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
9 CPSX - Centre for Planetary Science and Exploration [London, ON]
10 UH - University of Hawai'i [Honolulu]
11 University of Georgia [USA]
12 UVIC - University of Victoria [Canada]
13 NRC - National Research Council of Canada
14 Amherst College
15 LESIA - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics
16 SBU - Stony Brook University [SUNY]
17 iREx - Institut Trottier de Recherche sur les Exoplanètes
18 JHU - Johns Hopkins University
19 Yale University [New Haven]
20 CALTECH - California Institute of Technology
21 Leiden Observatory [Leiden]
22 LLNL - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
23 LPL - Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson]
24 UND - University of Notre Dame [Indiana]
25 Gemini Observatory [Southern Operations Center]
26 University of Michigan [Ann Arbor]
27 University of Exeter
28 LSST - Large Synoptic Survey Telescope
29 CASS - Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences [La Jolla]
30 Space Science and Astrobiology Division at Ames
31 AMNH - American Museum of Natural History [New York, USA] = Musée américain d'histoire naturelle [New York, USA]
32 MAE - Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Paul Kalas
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 761401
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6221-5360
Maxwell Millar-Blanchaer
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 804388
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6205-9233
Gaspard Duchêne
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 755484
- IdHAL : gaspard-duchene
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5092-6464
Johan Mazoyer
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 740223
- IdHAL : jmazoyer
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9133-3091
Julien Rameau
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 756498
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0029-0258
Jérôme Maire
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1303941
- ORCID : 0009-0002-9218-9252
- IdRef : 124209017
Jean-Baptiste Ruffio
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1172836
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2233-4821
Dmitry Savransky
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1342684
Anand Sivaramakrishnan
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1172875
- ORCID : 0000-0003-1251-4124
Rémi Soummer
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 792132
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2753-2819
Résumé
We report the results of a ∼4 yr direct imaging survey of 104 stars to resolve and characterize circumstellar debris disks in scattered light as part of the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) Exoplanet Survey. We targeted nearby (≲150 pc), young (≲500 Myr) stars with high infrared (IR) excesses (LIR/L⋆ > 10-5), including 38 with previously resolved disks. Observations were made using the GPI high-contrast integral field spectrograph in H-band (1.6 μm) coronagraphic polarimetry mode to measure both polarized and total intensities. We resolved 26 debris disks and 3 protoplanetary/transitional disks. Seven debris disks were resolved in scattered light for the first time, including newly presented HD 117214 and HD 156623, and we quantified basic morphologies of five of them using radiative transfer models. All of our detected debris disks except HD 156623 have dust-poor inner holes, and their scattered-light radii are generally larger than corresponding radii measured from resolved thermal emission and those inferred from spectral energy distributions. To assess sensitivity, we report contrasts and consider causes of nondetections. Detections were strongly correlated with high IR excess and high inclination, although polarimetry outperformed total intensity angular differential imaging for detecting low-inclination disks (≲70°). Based on postsurvey statistics, we improved upon our presurvey target prioritization metric predicting polarimetric disk detectability. We also examined scattered-light disks in the contexts of gas, far-IR, and millimeter detections. Comparing H-band and ALMA fluxes for two disks revealed tentative evidence for differing grain properties. Finally, we found no preference for debris disks to be detected in scattered light if wide-separation substellar companions were present.
Mots clés
Astronomy data modeling
Surveys
Debris disks
Circumstellar dust
Exoplanet systems
Protoplanetary disks
Direct imaging
Near infrared astronomy
Circumstellar disks
Coronagraphic imaging
Polarimetry
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
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