Article Dans Une Revue The Astrophysical Journal Année : 2025

X-Ray Polarization Detection of the Pulsar Wind Nebula in G21.5–0.9 with IXPE

Niccolò Di Lalla (1) , Nicola Omodei (1) , Niccolò Bucciantini (2, 3, 4) , Jack T Dinsmore , Nicolò Cibrario (5, 6) , Stefano Silvestri (7) , Josephine Wong , Patrick Slane (8) , Tsunefumi Mizuno (9) , Michela Negro (10) , Roger W Romani (1) , Riccardo Ferrazzoli (11) , C.-Y. Ng (12) , Miltiadis Michailidis , Yi-Jung Yang , Fei Xie (13) , Martin C Weisskopf (14) , Philip Kaaret (14) , Iván Agudo (15) , Lucio A Antonelli (16) , Matteo Bachetti (17) , Luca Baldini (7, 18) , Wayne H Baumgartner (14) , Ronaldo Bellazzini (7, 18) , Stefano Bianchi (19) , Stephen D Bongiorno (14) , Raffaella Bonino (5, 6) , Alessandro Brez (7, 18) , Fiamma Capitanio (11) , Simone Castellano (7, 18) , Elisabetta Cavazzuti (17) , Chien-Ting Chen (20) , Stefano Ciprini (21, 17) , Enrico Costa (11) , Alessandra de Rosa (11) , Ettore del Monte , Laura Di Gesu , Alessandro Di Marco , Immacolata Donnarumma , Victor Doroshenko , Michal Dovčiak , Steven R Ehlert , Teruaki Enoto , Yuri Evangelista , Sergio Fabiani , Javier A Garcia , Shuichi Gunji , Jeremy Heyl , Wataru Iwakiri , Svetlana G Jorstad , Vladimir Karas , Fabian Kislat , Takao Kitaguchi , Jeffery J Kolodziejczak , Henric Krawczynski , Fabio La Monaca , Luca Latronico , Ioannis Liodakis , Simone Maldera , Alberto Manfreda , Frédéric Marin (22) , Andrea Marinucci , Alan P Marscher , Herman L Marshall , Francesco Massaro , Giorgio Matt , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Fabio Muleri , Stephen L O’dell , Chiara Oppedisano , Alessandro Papitto , George G Pavlov , Abel Lawrence Peirson , Matteo Perri , Melissa Pesce-Rollins , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Maura Pilia , Andrea Possenti , Juri Poutanen , Simonetta Puccetti , Brian D Ramsey , John Rankin , Ajay Ratheesh , Oliver J Roberts , Carmelo Sgró , Paolo Soffitta , Gloria Spandre , Douglas A Swartz , Toru Tamagawa , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Roberto Taverna , Yuzuru Tawara , Allyn F Tennant , Nicholas E Thomas , Francesco Tombesi , Alessio Trois , Sergey Tsygankov , Roberto Turolla , Jacco Vink , Kinwah Wu , Silvia Zane
Jack T Dinsmore
Josephine Wong
C.-Y. Ng
Miltiadis Michailidis
Yi-Jung Yang
Fei Xie
Matteo Bachetti
Elisabetta Cavazzuti
Ettore del Monte
Laura Di Gesu
Alessandro Di Marco
Immacolata Donnarumma
Victor Doroshenko
Michal Dovčiak
Steven R Ehlert
Teruaki Enoto
Yuri Evangelista
Sergio Fabiani
Javier A Garcia
Shuichi Gunji
Jeremy Heyl
Wataru Iwakiri
Svetlana G Jorstad
Vladimir Karas
Fabian Kislat
Takao Kitaguchi
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jeffery J Kolodziejczak
Henric Krawczynski
Fabio La Monaca
Luca Latronico
Ioannis Liodakis
Simone Maldera
Alberto Manfreda
Andrea Marinucci
Alan P Marscher
Herman L Marshall
Francesco Massaro
Giorgio Matt
Ikuyuki Mitsuishi
  • Fonction : Auteur
Fabio Muleri
Stephen L O’dell
Chiara Oppedisano
Alessandro Papitto
George G Pavlov
Abel Lawrence Peirson
Matteo Perri
Melissa Pesce-Rollins
Pierre-Olivier Petrucci
Maura Pilia
Andrea Possenti
Juri Poutanen
Simonetta Puccetti
Brian D Ramsey
John Rankin
Ajay Ratheesh
Oliver J Roberts
Carmelo Sgró
Paolo Soffitta
Gloria Spandre
Douglas A Swartz
Toru Tamagawa
Fabrizio Tavecchio
Roberto Taverna
Yuzuru Tawara
  • Fonction : Auteur
Allyn F Tennant
Nicholas E Thomas
Francesco Tombesi
Alessio Trois
Sergey Tsygankov
Roberto Turolla
Jacco Vink
Kinwah Wu
Silvia Zane

Résumé

We present the X-ray polarization observation of G21.5−0.9, a young Galactic supernova remnant (SNR), conducted with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) in 2023 October, with a total livetime of approximately 837 ks. Using different analysis methods, such as a space-integrated study of the entire region of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) and a space-resolved polarization map, we detect significant polarization from the PWN at the center of the SNR, with an average polarization degree of ∼10% oriented at ∼33° (north through east). No significant energy-dependent variation in polarization is observed across the IXPE band (2–8 keV). The polarization map, corrected for the effect of polarization leakage, reveals a consistent pattern in both degree and angle, with little change across the nebula. Our findings indicate the presence of a highly polarized central torus, suggesting low levels of turbulence at particle acceleration sites. Unlike Vela, but similar to the Crab Nebula, we observe substantial differences between radio and X-ray polarization maps. This suggests a clear separation in energy of the emitting particle populations and hints at an important, yet poorly understood, role of instabilities in the turbulence dynamics of PWNe.

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insu-05304443 , version 1 (08-10-2025)

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Niccolò Di Lalla, Nicola Omodei, Niccolò Bucciantini, Jack T Dinsmore, Nicolò Cibrario, et al.. X-Ray Polarization Detection of the Pulsar Wind Nebula in G21.5–0.9 with IXPE. The Astrophysical Journal, 2025, 991 (1), pp.67. ⟨10.3847/1538-4357/adf6b5⟩. ⟨insu-05304443⟩
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