Rheological and Thermodynamic Properties of Volatile-bearing Magmas from Pantelleria, Etna and Phlegrean Fields Magmas - INSU - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers Accéder directement au contenu
Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2011

Rheological and Thermodynamic Properties of Volatile-bearing Magmas from Pantelleria, Etna and Phlegrean Fields Magmas

D. Di Genova
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Marina Alletti
  • Fonction : Auteur
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H. Behrens
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

The rheological and thermodynamic properties of silicate melts control fluid-dynamics of transport, eruption style and rates of physico-chemical processes (degassing and crystallization) in natural magmas. In this study we investigated the effect of H2O and CO2 on the liquid viscosity and heat capacity on several multicomponent systems. Measurements were conducted on four series of melts, obtained by remelting and homogenization of natural pantelleritic (Khaggiar dome, Pantelleria), trachytic (Agnano Monte Spina eruption, Phlegrean Fields), latitic (Fondo Riccio eruption, Phlegrean Fields) and trachybasaltic (Etna 1992 eruption) magmas. CO2 or H2O synthesis experiments were conducted in piston cylinder apparatus. The volatile -bearing samples were measured with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a vertical dilatometer (micropenetration technique). Water and CO2 content were measured by Karl Fisher Titration and FTIR spectroscopy. Compositions were analyzed over a range of water contents up to 5.3 wt% and CO2 content up to 4000 ppm. Viscosity ranged from 108 to 1013 Pa s with decreasing temperature from 630 to 1100 K. Viscosity is strongly affected by H2O and CO2. The effect of CO2 on viscosity appears to be a function of speciation and chemical composition. The heat capacity of glasses and liquids and the glass transition interval were also investigated. Base chemical composition have a strong influences on Tg: high alkali contents can lower Tg of low NBO/T liquids. This behavior is demonstrated by Pantellerite samples. Glass transition temperatures are also strongly affected by H2O and CO2. The CO2 effect, such as water, is to decrease Tg and it appears to be a function of chemical composition. We present data for partial molar CpH2Omol and CpOH- and derive a simple expression to evaluate the relative contributions of different H-bearing species to the total heat capacity of hydrous melts. Experimental viscosity and calorimetric data were fitted according to the Adam and Gibbs theory in which configurational entropy (Sconf) is the main factor controlling the viscosity of melts. From calorimetric measurements, and assuming that the vibrational contribution to the liquid Cp remains constant above Tg, we determined the configurational contribution to Cpliq and thus calculated the variation of the Sconf as a function of T, H2O and CO2 content in the liquid state. Combining viscosity measurements with the configurational entropies for our liquids, we parameterized the variation of viscosity as a function of temperature and volatiles content within the framework of the Adam and Gibbs theory of structural relaxation.
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Dates et versions

insu-00838450 , version 1 (25-06-2013)

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D. Di Genova, C. Romano, Marina Alletti, H. Behrens, Bruno Scaillet. Rheological and Thermodynamic Properties of Volatile-bearing Magmas from Pantelleria, Etna and Phlegrean Fields Magmas. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting, 2011, United States. ⟨insu-00838450⟩
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