MOSAIC: A Satellite Constellation to Enable Groundbreaking Mars Climate System Science and Prepare for Human Exploration - INSU - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers
Article Dans Une Revue The Planetary Science Journal Année : 2021

MOSAIC: A Satellite Constellation to Enable Groundbreaking Mars Climate System Science and Prepare for Human Exploration

Robert J. Lillis (1) , David Mitchell (1) , Luca Montabone (2) , Nicholas Heavens (2) , Tanya Harrison (3) , Cassie Stuurman (4) , Scott Guzewich (5) , Scott England (6) , Paul Withers (7) , Mike Chaffin (8) , Shannon Curry (1) , Chi Ao (4) , Steven Matousek (4) , Nathan Barba (4) , Ryan Woolley (4) , Isaac Smith (9) , Gordon R. Osinski (10) , Armin Kleinböhl (4) , Leslie Tamppari (4) , Michael Mischna (4) , David Kass (4) , Michael Smith (5) , Michael Wolff (2) , Melinda Kahre (11) , Aymeric Spiga (12) , Francois, Forget (12) , Bruce Cantor (13) , Justin Deighan (8) , Amanda Brecht (11) , Stephen Bougher (14) , Christopher M. Fowler (1) , David Andrews (15) , Martin Patzold (16) , Kerstin Peter (16) , Silvia Tellmann (16) , Mark Lester (17) , Beatriz Sánchez-Cano (17) , Janet Luhmann (1) , François Leblanc (18) , Jasper Halekas (19) , David Brain (8) , Xiaohua Fang (8) , Jared Espley (5) , Hermann Opgenoorth (20) , Oleg Vaisberg (21) , David Hinson (22) , Sami Asmar (4) , Joshua Vander Hook (4) , Ozgur Karatekin (23) , Aroh Barjatya (24) , Abhishek Tripathi (1)
1 SSL - Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley]
2 SSI - Space Science Institute [Boulder]
3 Planet Federal Inc.
4 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
5 GSFC - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
6 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University [Blacksburg]
7 BU - Boston University [Boston]
8 LASP - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder]
9 York University [Toronto]
10 UWO - University of Western Ontario
11 ARC - NASA Ames Research Center
12 LMD - Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539)
13 MSSS - Malin Space Science Systems
14 University of Michigan [Ann Arbor]
15 IRF - Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala / Kiruna]
16 RIU - Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung
17 School of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester]
18 HELIOS - LATMOS
19 University of Iowa [Iowa City]
20 Umeå University = Umeå Universitet
21 IKI - Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
22 SETI - Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute
23 ROB - Royal Observatory of Belgium = Observatoire Royal de Belgique
24 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Robert J. Lillis
  • Fonction : Auteur
  • PersonId : 1138152
Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley]
David Mitchell
Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley]
Luca Montabone
Space Science Institute [Boulder]
Nicholas Heavens
Space Science Institute [Boulder]
Tanya Harrison
  • Fonction : Auteur
Planet Federal Inc.
Cassie Stuurman
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Scott Guzewich
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Scott England
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University [Blacksburg]
Paul Withers
Boston University [Boston]
Mike Chaffin
Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder]
Shannon Curry
Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley]
Chi Ao
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Steven Matousek
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Nathan Barba
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Ryan Woolley
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Isaac Smith
York University [Toronto]
Gordon R. Osinski
University of Western Ontario
Armin Kleinböhl
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Leslie Tamppari
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Michael Mischna
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
David Kass
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Michael Smith
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Michael Wolff
Space Science Institute [Boulder]
Melinda Kahre
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA Ames Research Center
Aymeric Spiga
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539)
CV
Francois, Forget
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539)
Bruce Cantor
Malin Space Science Systems
Justin Deighan
Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder]
Amanda Brecht
NASA Ames Research Center
Stephen Bougher
University of Michigan [Ann Arbor]
Christopher M. Fowler
Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley]
David Andrews
Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala / Kiruna]
Martin Patzold
Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung
Kerstin Peter
Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung
Silvia Tellmann
Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung
Mark Lester
School of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester]
Beatriz Sánchez-Cano
School of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester]
Janet Luhmann
Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley]
François Leblanc
HELIOS - LATMOS
Jasper Halekas
University of Iowa [Iowa City]
David Brain
Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder]
Xiaohua Fang
Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder]
Jared Espley
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Hermann Opgenoorth
Umeå University = Umeå Universitet
Oleg Vaisberg
Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
David Hinson
Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute
Sami Asmar
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Joshua Vander Hook
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Ozgur Karatekin
Royal Observatory of Belgium = Observatoire Royal de Belgique
Aroh Barjatya
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Abhishek Tripathi
Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley]

Résumé

The Martian climate system has been revealed to rival the complexity of Earth's. Over the last 20 yr, a fragmented and incomplete picture has emerged of its structure and variability; we remain largely ignorant of many of the physical processes driving matter and energy flow between and within Mars' diverse climate domains. Mars Orbiters for Surface, Atmosphere, and Ionosphere Connections (MOSAIC) is a constellation of ten platforms focused on understanding these climate connections, with orbits and instruments tailored to observe the Martian climate system from three complementary perspectives. First, low-circular near-polar Sun-synchronous orbits (a large mothership and three smallsats spaced in local time) enable vertical profiling of wind, aerosols, water, and temperature, as well as mapping of surface and subsurface ice. Second, elliptical orbits sampling all of Mars' plasma regions enable multipoint measurements necessary to understand mass/energy transport and ion-driven escape, also enabling, with the polar orbiters, dense radio occultation coverage. Last, longitudinally spaced areostationary orbits enable synoptic views of the lower atmosphere necessary to understand global and mesoscale dynamics, global views of the hydrogen and oxygen exospheres, and upstream measurements of space weather conditions. MOSAIC will characterize climate system variability diurnally and seasonally, on meso-, regional, and global scales, targeting the shallow subsurface all the way out to the solar wind, making many first-of-their-kind measurements. Importantly, these measurements will also prepare for human exploration and habitation of Mars by providing water resource prospecting, operational forecasting of dust and radiation hazards, and ionospheric communication/positioning disruptions.

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Planète et Univers [physics]
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https://insu.hal.science/insu-03381683

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insu-03381683 , version 1 (17-10-2021)

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Robert J. Lillis, David Mitchell, Luca Montabone, Nicholas Heavens, Tanya Harrison, et al.. MOSAIC: A Satellite Constellation to Enable Groundbreaking Mars Climate System Science and Prepare for Human Exploration. The Planetary Science Journal, 2021, 2, 211 (59 pp). ⟨10.3847/psj/ac0538⟩. ⟨insu-03381683⟩

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