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Article Dans Une Revue (Article De Synthèse) Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Année : 2024

Opinion: Stratospheric Ozone – Depletion, Recovery and New Challenges

Résumé

We summarise current important and well-established open issues related to the depletion of strato- spheric ozone and discuss some newly emerging challenges. The ozone layer is recovering from the effects of halogenated source gases due to the continued success of the Montreal Protocol despite recent renewed produc- tion of controlled substances and the impact of uncontrolled very short-lived substances. The increasing atmo- spheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), have large potential to perturb stratospheric ozone in different ways, but their future evolutions, and hence im- pacts, are uncertain. Ozone depletion through injection of smoke particles has been observed following recent Australian wildfires. Further perturbations to the ozone layer are currently occurring through the unexpected injection of massive amounts of water vapour from the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcano in 2022. Open research questions emphasise the critical need to maintain, if not expand, the observational network and to ad- dress the impending “satellite data gap” in global, height-resolved observations of stratospheric trace gases and aerosols. We will, in effect, be largely blind to the stratospheric effects of similar wildfire and volcanic events in the near future. Complex Earth system models (ESMs) being developed for climate projections have the stratosphere as an important component. However, the huge computational requirement of these models must not result in an oversimplification of the many processes affecting the ozone layer. Regardless, a hierarchy of simpler process models will continue to be important for testing our evolving understanding of the ozone layer and for providing policy-relevant information.
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Dates et versions

insu-04171460 , version 1 (26-07-2023)
insu-04171460 , version 2 (04-03-2024)

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Martyn P Chipperfield, Slimane Bekki. Opinion: Stratospheric Ozone – Depletion, Recovery and New Challenges. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2024, 24 (4), pp.2783-2802. ⟨10.5194/acp-24-2783-2024⟩. ⟨insu-04171460v2⟩
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